introduction and history of electronic

The first chapter I will discuss about basic electronics and maybe later I will discuss the future of technology,
In daily life we ​​meet a lot of electronic equipment as the technology base for example, at home, we often look at television, listen to songs through radiotape or CD, to communicate with telephone / mobile phone. Our office uses a computer, printing with a printer, send messages to faxes, dipabrik we use detection devices, operating the robot builders, and so forth. Even the way of highway we could see traffic lights, street lighting, which automatically alive at night, or a billboard that looks beautiful twinkling and there are many other examples. Of all the descriptions above we can prove that in this day and age we will not be separated from the devices that use electronics as the basic technology.
The history of electronics starting from the 20th century, involving three main components namely vacuum tubes (vacuum tubes), transistors and integrated circuits (integrated circuit). In 1883, Thomas Alva Edison discovered that electrons could move from a conductor to another conductor through a vacuum. The discovery of conduction or displacement is known by the name Ediosn effect. In 1904, John Fleming applying Edison effect is to find two elements of an electron tube called a diode, and Lee De Forest followed in 1906 with three-element tube, called trioda. Vacuum tubes into devices designed to manipulate the possibility of electrical energy that can be amplified and transmitted.
Applications tube elktron first applied in the field of radio communications. Guglielmo Marconi pioneered the development of the telegraph without wires (wireless telegraph) in 1896 and long-distance radio communication in 1901. This last radio can shape radio telegraphy (Morse code signal transmission) or radio telephone (voice mail). Both are controlled by trioda and quickly there was an increase and improvement of communication due to the armed forces during World War I. Radio transmitters, telephone and telegraph subsequent use high voltage spark to make waves and sound. Vacuum tube to strengthen the voice signal is weak and makes the signals are combined with radio waves. In 1918, Edwin Armstrong found the receiver "super-heterodyne" that can select a radio signal or station and can receive signals over long distances. Radio broadcasting grew significantly in 1920 as a direct result. Armstrong also find an FM frequency modulation band width (wide-band) in 1935, previously only used AM or amplitude modulation in the range 1920 to 1935.
Communications technology can make major changes before World War II, especially in the use of tubes made in many applications. Radio as a form of educational and entertainment quickly challenged by the television which was invented in the 1920s but did not widely available until 1947. Bell Laboratories issued to public television in 1927, and this is still a form of electromechanical. When the electronic system to guarantee the quality, the engineers at Bell Labs introduced the cathode ray picture tube and color television. But Vladimir Zworykin, an engineer at the Radio Corporation of America (RCA), considered the "father of television" because its discovery, the picture tube and camera tube iconoscope.
Development of electronic devices utilize television as an increase / improvement made on radar during World War II. Radar is a product resulting from the study conducted by scientists in Britain to describe the radio waves. As an acronym for Radio Detection And Ranging, radar measures the distance and direction of an object using reflection microwave radio. This is used to detect aircraft and ships, controlling the firing of missiles and various other forms of custody. circuit, a video, technological wave and microwave transmission repair performed during the war and was adopted quickly by the television industry. In the mid-1950s, television has been through the radio for home use and entertainment.
After the war, an electron tube used to develop the first computer, but the tube is not practical because of the size of electronic components. In 1947, the transistor is found by a team of engineers from Bell Laboratories. John Bardeen, Walter Brattain and William Shockley received the Nobel prize for their discoveries, but few who dream of transistors as fast and as dramatic as what can change the world. Transistor functions such as vacuum tubes, but has a smaller size, lighter, smaller power consumption, and stronger, and cheaper to produce with a combination of metal and materials semikonductor liaison.

The concept of the integrated circuit was proposed in 1952 by Geoffrey W. A. Dummer, a British electronics expert with the Royal Radar Establishment him. Throughout the decade of the 1950s, mass-produced transistor in a single wafer pieces and then cut into pieces. Semiconductor circuits to be something simple path, which combines the transistors and diodes (as diavis active) as well as capacitors and resistors (as a passive device) in a planar unit or chip. Semiconductor industry and silicon integrated circuits was developed continuously by Texas Instruments and Fairchild Semiconductor Company. In 1961, integrated circuits into full production by several companies, and equipment design changes quickly and in several different directions to adapt the technology. Bipolar transistors and integrated circuits made digital the first time, but it is still an analog IC, then intergasi large scale (LSI), and very large scale integration (VLSI) followed in the mid-1970s. Contain thousands of VLSI circuits in which there is a gate or on-off switches that are interconnected in a single-chip chip. Microcomputers, medical equipment, video cameras and satellite communication devices are some examples created by using integrated circuits.


Large-scale revolution against the electronics occurred around the 1960's, which was began in an electronic instrument called Transisor, so it is possible to create a device with a small size where previous tools are still using the tubes facum large size and consume large electrical. Only in the past 10 years since he discovered the transistor, discovered an integrated circuit known as IC (Integrated Circuit) is an integrated circuit that contains dozens or even millions of transistors in it. So we can see a small electronic device increasingly shape but more and more functions for example mobile telephone (Mobile) that you wear today with a mobile phone that you wear a few years ago. Well all of that thanks to the revolution in the manufacture of silicon transistors and ICs or CHIP.
Well we do not think television can display and speak out but basically we need to know first, we introduce one by one yu electronic components and their functions.

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